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Acronyms Maga Mueller Aint Going Anywhere Make America Great Again

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American entrada slogan

Trump's "Make America Bang-up Again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential campaign earlier Trump selected Mike Pence equally his vice presidential running mate

"Brand America Nifty Again" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the like slogan "Let's Make America Keen Again" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Neb Clinton also used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential entrada and used it again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful 2008 presidential principal campaign. Douglas Schoen has chosen Trump's use of the phrase "probably the most resonant campaign slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the state was in pass up.[two] [three]

The slogan became a pop culture miracle, seeing widespread use and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, being used by those who back up and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link it to racism in the United states, regarding information technology as canis familiaris-whistle politics and coded language.[4] [5] [half dozen] [vii] The slogan was also at the center of 2 events originally reported inaccurately in most media outlets, the Jussie Smollett assail hoax and the January 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [9] [10] [11]

Use before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was offset used past Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a speech communication at the third session of the 76th United States Congress in anticipation of the 1940 United States presidential ballot: "What is the way? Hither is America. There are 130,000,000 of us. America needs a leader who tin can coordinate labor, capital, and direction; who can give the man of enterprise encouragement, who tin can give them the spirit which will beget vision. That will make America great again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was establish in some advertisement associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential entrada.[13]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Permit'due south brand America slap-up again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan's 1980 presidential entrada. At the time the The states was suffering from a worsening economy at domicile marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the country's economic distress as a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism among the electorate.[fourteen] [xv] [xvi] [17] Inside his acceptance speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without job opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, particularly in the inner cities where they alive. For those who've abandoned hope, we'll restore hope and we'll welcome them into a slap-up national cause to make America not bad again."[18] [19]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was also used in speeches[20] past Bill Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton also used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential chief campaign.[22]

During the 2016 electoral campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump'southward version, used every bit a entrada rallying cry, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give you an economy you had 50 years ago, and... motion you back upwardly on the social totem pole and other people down."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell'southward book about her unsuccessful 2010 bid every bit the Republican nominee for a Us Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin'south Press on August 16, 2011, every bit Troublemaker: Let'south Practise What It Takes to Make America Great Once more.[24]

Use by Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Make America Great Again" cap during his 2016 presidential entrada

In December 2011, Trump made a statement in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the hereafter, explaining "I must leave all of my options open because, in a higher place all else, we must brand America great again."[25] Also in December 2011, he published a book using equally a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #1 Over again" – which in a 2015 reissue was changed to "Make America Neat Over again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Make America Dandy Again" by stitching it onto his widely distributed cap

On January 1, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of Country's office to create the "Make America Great Again Political party", which would have allowed Trump to exist that party's nominee if he had decided to become a tertiary-party candidate in the 2012 presidential ballot.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November vii, 2012, the day afterward Barack Obama won his reelection against Manus Romney. Past his ain account, Trump first considered "We Will Make America Peachy", but did not feel like it had the right "ring" to it. "Make America Bang-up" was his next slogan idea, just upon farther reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America because it implied that America was never corking. Later on selecting "Make America Not bad Again", Trump immediately had an chaser register information technology. (Trump after said he was unaware of Reagan'southward apply in 1980 until 2015, but noted that "he didn't trademark information technology.")[28] On November 12 he signed an application with the United States Patent and Trademark Office requesting exclusive rights to utilise the slogan for political purposes. It was registered equally a service mark on July 14, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2016 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the awarding.[29] [28] [xxx] Trump used the slogan in public as early on as Baronial 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Make America Great Again" on a roadside in California presently after the November 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Keep America Not bad" chapeau in December 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump oftentimes used the slogan, especially by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which shortly became popular amongst his supporters.[32] The slogan was so important to the campaign that at i betoken it spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or television commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that apocryphal versions outnumbered the real hat x to one. "...but information technology was a slogan, and every time somebody buys one, that'due south an advertizement."[28]

Following Trump'southward election, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would be "Keep America Great" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] However, Trump'due south 2020 entrada continued to utilize the "Brand America Cracking Again" slogan.[35] Trump's vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America great again, once again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech, garnering ridicule and comparisons to the catchphrase "again-again" from Teletubbies.[36] [37] In late 2021, this phrase became the name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was as well mocked.[38]

Less than a week after Trump left role, he spoke to advisors about possibly establishing a third party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Party" or "Make America Slap-up Over again Party". In his beginning few days out of office, he besides supported Arizona land political party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who too called for the creation of a "MAGA Party". In late January 2021, the former president viewed the proposed MAGA Party as leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to captive him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the House.[39] [40]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the entrada slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself by tweeting "My use of social media is not Presidential – information technology'due south MODERN Solar day PRESIDENTIAL. Brand America Great Over again!" on July 1, 2017.[41]

In the first half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[42] In an article for Bloomberg News, Mark Whitehouse noted "A regression assay suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a post's retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the boilerplate Trump tweet attracts a full of 107,000."[42]

Trump attributed his victory (in function) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 ballot with interviews, speeches, and social media."[43] According to RiteTag,[44] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter alone include: 1,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and 3,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[44]

Donald Trump fix upwardly his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the announcement (June xvi, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential ballot, with particularly notable spikes occurring subsequently his securing the Republican Party nomination (May three, 2016) and afterward winning the presidency.[45]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its use since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Vocalisation of America announcer, among others,[five] [6] explained how it is a loaded phrase considering it "doesn't simply entreatment to people who hear information technology as racist coded linguistic communication, just also to those who have felt a loss of status as other groups accept become more than empowered."[four] As Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan now resonates as America Offset did in the early 1940s, with the thought "that the true version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before it was diluted with other races and other people."[46]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Brand America Great Over again' chapeau is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. But if you lot vesture one, it's a pretty good indication that yous share, admire or appreciate President Trump's racist views virtually Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[six] The Detroit Free Press and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did non believe the slogan or MAGA hats are evidence of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[47] [48] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan every bit "fabulous", writing: "It was vague enough to appeal to optimists generally, while leaving plenty of room for bitter and resentful voters to conclude that we were finally going back to the days when they ran the earth."[49] Polling has shown that almost 10 percent of black voters identified as Trump supporters,[50] [ non-primary source needed ] while almost thirty percentage of Hispanic voters identified every bit Trump supporters.[51] [ better source needed ]

Australian political commentator and former Liberal political party leader John Hewson writes in Jan 2018 that he believes the contempo global movements against traditional politics and politicians are based on racism and prejudice. He comments: "There should exist footling doubt about Usa President Donald Trump'southward views on race, despite his occasional 'denials', assertions of 'fake news', and/or his semantic distinctions. His election entrada theme was effectively a promise to 'Make America Great Once again; America First and Merely' and—nod, nod, wink, wink—to Make America White Once again."[52]

Employ by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Good Fight: Why Liberals – and Only Liberals – Can Win the War on Terror and Make America Great Again [53] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr later the Invasion of Iraq and early years of the State of war on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book about her Republican Senate entrada in the 2010 Delaware special ballot titled Troublemaker: Allow's Do What Information technology Takes To Make America Great Again.[54]

Later Donald Trump popularized the utilize of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference both to his election campaign and to his politics. Trump's primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Dandy Again" in speeches, inciting Trump to send cease-and-desist messages to them.[28] Cruz later sold hats featuring, "Brand Trump Debate Once again", in response to Trump's boycotting the Iowa January 28, 2016 debate.[55] The phrase has besides been parodied in political statements, such as "Make America United mexican states Once again", a critique of Trump's clearing policies regarding the U.S.–Mexico border.[56] [57]

Use by political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that keen" during a September 2018 bill signing.[58] [59] Quondam United states of america Chaser General Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did you think America was great?"[60] [61] During John McCain's memorial service on September 1, 2018, his girl Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no need to exist made great again considering America was always great."[62] Trump subsequently tweeted "Make AMERICA Smashing AGAIN!" afterwards that mean solar day.[63]

Use by hate groups [edit]

A 2018 study using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks found that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were unremarkably used past white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive infinite" for far-correct extremists globally.[64]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of French republic, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Understanding. The last sentence of the voice communication delivered by him was "brand our planet great over again."[65]

During his campaign for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, former opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "make Indonesia great again", though he denied having copied Trump.[66]

During the Swedish European Parliament ballot in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Democratic Party used the slogan "Make European union Lagom Again".[67] [68]

Feb 2019 Fridays for Hereafter protest in Berlin with the line "Make World Greta Once again"

Members of the Fridays for Future Movement have ofttimes used slogans like "Make Earth Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[69] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary picture show named Make the World Greta Over again.[70]

In pop civilisation [edit]

Rap-rock supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Make America Rage Over again" stage properties reminiscent of the "Brand America Great Again" catchphrase as information technology appears on a MAGA hat

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Developed entertainment [edit]

  • Adult film star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an matter with President Trump, took office in a "Make America Horny Again" strip society bout. The bout followed Trump's initial 2016 campaign trail and part of the acquirement was donated to Planned Parenthood.[71]

Advertising [edit]

  • A Dunk-a-roos marketing entrada used the slogan "Make America Douse Once more".[72]

Artwork [edit]

  • Brand Everything Cracking Again was a street art mural by creative person Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Republic of lithuania.[73] [74]

Comedy [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross'southward 2016 stand-up bout was titled "Making America Great Again".[75]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers claiming an association with Developed Swim and Cartoon Network, and dressed as the Earth Merchandise Center during the September eleven attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Great Again" hats.[76] [77] [78]

Fashion [edit]

  • Fashion Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Great Again" Official presidential campaign Flag to blueprint a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to wear on Red Carpeting e.g. 2017 Grammy Awards.[79]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Make Sandford Bully Again" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[80]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Brand England Bang-up Once more" fez hat in one scene.[81]
  • The Syfy motion-picture show Sharknado v: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Brand America Allurement Over again".[82]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Election Year (2016) is "Keep America Great" (a phrase Trump would afterwards apply as his 2020 entrada slogan); one of the TV spots for the film featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with one stating he does then "to keep my country [America] bang-up".[83] The next picture in the franchise, The First Purge, was later advertised with a poster featuring its title stylized on a MAGA hat.[84]
  • The character Paul in Da v Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the movie.[85]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassin's Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Peachy Again" during his campaign against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombat11 newcomer Kollector to "make Outworld great again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Brand America Nazi-Gratis Once again" in its marketing campaign.[86]
  • In Metallic Gear Rise: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Brand America Great Once again" during his speech while battling Raiden.[87]

Music [edit]

  • Autumn Out Boy released a remix of their album American Beauty/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Again.[88]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2018 chosen M.A.T.A, significant Make America Trap Once more.[89]
  • Make America Rock Once again was a stone concert tour.[90]
  • Rap rock supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Motorcar, Public Enemy and Cypress Colina, called their 2017 nationwide bout the "Make America Rage Again Tour", using a phase backdrop reminiscent of a MAGA hat.
  • UK musician and writer James Kennedy released a rock protestation album in 2020 called 'Make Acrimony Great Over again'[91]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Brand America Crip Over again".[92]
  • Frank Turner released a song called "Make America Great Again" on his album Be More Kind (2018).
  • Singer Joy Villa produced a single "Make America Cracking Over again" a few months after appearing at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' dress.[93]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a hat maxim Make America Skate again in Chance the Rapper's video No Problem
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an anthology titled Make America Trap Once more (2019), with cover fine art inspired by the Barack Obama "Hope" poster.[94]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a song titled Make America Corking Again.[95]
  • Metal ring Thy Art Is Murder released a vocal chosen "Make America Hate Again" on their album Human Target (2019). They likewise sell a lid with the slogan "Make Deathcore Great Once again".

Sports [edit]

  • Then-Washington Nationals baseball outfielder Bryce Harper wore a chapeau maxim "Make Baseball game Fun Again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia E. Butler used "Brand America Nifty Once more" as the presidential campaign slogan for a grapheme, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[96] Jarret is described as "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled faith and government together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[97]
  • Author Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Date Again",[98] a satirical volume on dating and relationships.

Telly [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his show Last Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment dedicated to Trump, urging viewers to "Make Donald Drumpf Again", in reference to the original ancestral proper name of the Trump family.[99] [100] The segment bankrupt HBO viewership records, garnering 85 million views.[100]
  • In the Southward Park episode "Where My Country Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump'southward, are seen holding signs begetting the slogan.[101]
  • In the Star Expedition: Discovery episode "What's Past Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[102] [103] [104] [105]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[1]

References [edit]

  1. ^ The Telegraph (May 30, 2020). Donald Trump: 'MAGA loves the black people' responding to race protests (YouTube video). Event occurs at 0:00.
  2. ^ Schoen, Douglas (Apr 8, 2016). "Donald Trump saw what politicians ignored. And and then he disrupted American politics". Play a trick on News . Retrieved Oct 25, 2020.
  3. ^ Edwards-Levy, Ariel (Nov 18, 2015). "Americans Aren't Sure Anything In America Works Anymore". Huff Post . Retrieved November 5, 2018.
  4. ^ a b Melton, Marissa (August 31, 2017). "Is 'Brand America Corking Over again' Racist?". Vocalization of America. Retrieved October 25, 2020.
  5. ^ a b Shamus, Kristen Jordan (January 24, 2019). "MAGA hats: Trump entrada swag or symbols of hate?". Detroit Complimentary Press . Retrieved October 25, 2020.
  6. ^ a b c Abcarian, Robin (February 5, 2019). "MAGA hats and blackface are different forms of expression, but they share a certain unfortunate Dna". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved October 25, 2020.
  7. ^ Rebecca Solnit (2018). Phone call Them by Their Truthful Names: American Crises (and Essays). Haymarket Books. Trump'southward slogan, 'Make America great again', seemed to invoke a render to a Never Never Land of white male supremacy, where coal was an awesome fuel, blue-colour manufacturing jobs were what they had been in 1956, women belong in the home, and the needs of white men were paramount.
  8. ^ "How The Media Covered Jussie Smollett". NPR.org . Retrieved September 15, 2021.
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  35. ^ Kumar, Anita (May xx, 2020). "Trump tries on MAGA 2.0 for a pandemic era". Politico. Retrieved November 23, 2020.
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  37. ^ Hall, Louise (Baronial 25, 2020). "Mike Pence mocked for spin on Trump election slogan". The Independent . Retrieved December 31, 2021. {{cite spider web}}: CS1 maint: url-condition (link)
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  40. ^ Buncombe, Andrew (January 24, 2021). "Trump wants to fix upwardly 'MAGA party' to challenge Republicans who voted to impeach him, says report". The Contained. Archived from the original on Jan 24, 2021. Retrieved January 24, 2021.
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  50. ^ http://maristpoll.marist.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/NPR_PBS-NewsHour_Marist-Poll_USA-NOS-and-Tables_202009171415.pdf[ blank URL PDF ]
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  55. ^ Bradford Richardson (January 27, 2016). "Cruz sells 'Make Trump Debate Again' hats". TheHill.com . Retrieved January 27, 2016.
  56. ^ Cadman, Dan (May 16, 2016). "'Make America Mexico Again'". CIS.org . Retrieved February 21, 2021. {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  57. ^ Latimer, Brian (May iv, 2016). "'Make America Mexico Once more' Hat Maker: Satire Tin Alter Conversation". NBC News . Retrieved February 21, 2021. {{cite spider web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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  59. ^ Goldmacher, Shane (August fifteen, 2018). "Cuomo Says America 'Was Never That Great' in Jab at Trump Slogan". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved Apr 30, 2019.
  60. ^ "Holder to Trump: 'Exactly when did you retrieve America was great?'". MSNBC. March 28, 2019. Retrieved March 29, 2019. Holder also discusses the Trump slogan of 'Brand America Great Again', posing the question: 'when did you retrieve America was corking?'
  61. ^ Norman, Greg (March 28, 2019). "Eric Holder goes on MAGA attack: 'Exactly when did you think America was peachy?'". Fox News . Retrieved April 30, 2019.
  62. ^ Kane, Paul; Pogrund, Gabriel; Itkowitz, Colby (September i, 2018). "'America was always great': Meghan McCain rebukes Trump". The Washington Mail . Retrieved November 5, 2018.
  63. ^ Donald Trump [@realDonaldTrump] (September 2, 2018). "Brand AMERICA Bully AGAIN!" (Tweet). Retrieved September 2, 2018 – via Twitter.
  64. ^ Sean Thousand. Eddington (2018). "The Communicative Constitution of Hate Organizations Online: A Semantic Network Analysis of "Make America Nifty Once more"". Social Media + Society. 4 (three). doi:10.1177/2056305118790763.
  65. ^ "Macron: 'Brand our planet corking again'". BBC News . Retrieved Jan 18, 2018.
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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

beeberearand.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again

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